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Figure 3 | Journal of Ovarian Research

Figure 3

From: Pioglitazone counteracts the tumor necrosis factor-α inhibition of follicle-stimulating hormone-induced follicular development and estradiol production in an in vitro mouse preantral follicle culture system

Figure 3

Pioglitazone counteracts the inhibition of FSH-induced follicular development and steroidogenesis by TNF-α. Effects of pioglitazone on the inhibition of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced follicular development and steroidogenesis by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Follicles were cultured with 1, 5, 10 μM of pioglitazone in the presence or absence of 5 ng/mL of TNF-α or 100 mIU/mL of FSH. A) Follicle survival rates at 12 days of culture with various treatments are shown. Numbers inside bars indicate the number of surviving follicles/total tested follicles. B) Antral-like cavity formation rates at 12 days of culture with various treatments are shown. Numbers inside bars indicate the number of follicles with antral-like cavity/total tested follicles. C) 17β-estradiol (E2)concentrations in the culture media at 12 days of culture with various treatments are shown. D) Follicle diameters at 12 days of culture with various treatments are shown. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM. The group treated only with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a control. Bars with different letters represent a significant difference (P < 0.05).

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