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Table 2 Association between epidemiologic characteristics and CA125, CA15.3, and HE4 by menopausal status at blood collection in controls: EPIC a

From: Correlates of circulating ovarian cancer early detection markers and their contribution to discrimination of early detection models: results from the EPIC cohort

 

Premenopausal

Postmenopausal

 

CA125

CA15.3

 

HE4

 

CA125

CA15.3

 

HE4

N a (%)

Mean (95% CI)c

Mean (95% CI)c

N b (%)

Mean (95% CI)c

N a (%)

Mean (95% CI)c

Mean (95% CI)c

N b (%)

Mean (95% CI)c

Menopausal statusd

 

485 (26)

26.1 (24.0, 28.3)

552.9 (512.8, 596.1)

175 (25)

19.0 (16.9, 21.3)

1417 (24)

18.4 (17.7, 19.1)

617.6 (596.8, 639.2)

538 (75)

18.8 (17.9, 19.8)

Age at blood draw

  < 41

75 (15)

27.0 (23.1, 31.5)

629.0 (550.6, 718.5)

33 (19)

17.7 (14.4, 21.8)

0 (0)

--

--

0 (0)

--

 41–50

269 (55)

29.0 (26.9, 31.3)

560.5 (524.9, 598.6)

103 (59)

17.1 (15.5, 18.7)

47 (3)

18.5 (15.7, 21.9)

532.9 (455.3, 623.8)

9 (2)

17.9 (13.0, 24.6)

 51–60

141 (29)

25.4 (22.6, 28.7)

512.3 (462.4, 567.5)

39 (22)

14.5 (12.2, 17.3)

697 (49)

17.8 (17.0, 18.6)

625.4 (600.0, 651.8)

250 (46)

18.4 (17.3, 19.6)

 61–70

0 (0)

--

--

0 (0)

--

586 (41)

17.9 (17.1, 18.8)

616.3 (589.3, 644.5)

227 (42)

20.1 (18.8, 21.5)

  > 70

0 (0)

--

--

0 (0)

--

87 (6)

21.4 (18.7, 24.4)

596.2 (525.7, 676.0)

52 (10)

25.1 (21.6, 29.2)

 ptrend

 

0.50

0.03

 

0.18

 

0.17

0.90

 

0.0005

Oral contraceptive use

 Never

145 (31)

27.8 (25.0, 31.0)

510.1 (465.8, 558.6)

48 (28)

14.7 (12.7, 16.9)

776 (56)

18.2 (17.4, 18.9)

627.7 (602.9, 653.4)

301 (58)

20.0 (18.9, 21.2)

 Ever

320 (69)

27.4 (25.6, 29.4)

571.1 (538.7, 605.5)

122 (72)

17.3 (16.0, 18.8)

604 (44)

18.1 (17.2, 19.0)

596.7 (569.7, 625.0)

222 (42)

19.0 (17.8, 20.3)

 pdiff

 

0.83

0.05

 

0.07

 

0.88

0.13

 

0.29

  < = 2 years

101 (22)

27.5 (24.3, 31.2)

587.5 (528.8, 652.7)

44 (27)

16.4 (14.2, 18.9)

153 (12)

18.6 (16.9, 20.4)

604.9 (554.4, 660.1)

51 (10)

20.4 (17.9, 23.3)

  > 2 to 5 years

68 (15)

29.7 (25.6, 34.5)

532.8 (470.2, 603.8)

22 (13)

19.0 (15.7, 23.1)

111 (8)

17.8 (15.9, 19.8)

578.1 (522.2, 640.0)

44 (9)

18.4 (16.0, 21.1)

  > 5 to 10 years

77 (17)

26.1 (22.7, 30.1)

572.9 (508.8, 645.1)

27 (16)

19.1 (15.9, 22.8)

127 (10)

17.2 (15.5, 19.0)

597.2 (542.4, 657.5)

46 (9)

21.5 (18.7, 24.7)

  > 10 years

62 (14)

26.7 (22.4, 31.7)

611.6 (528.4, 707.9)

24 (15)

17.2 (13.6, 21.7)

161 (12)

18.7 (17.0, 20.5)

613.3 (562.0, 669.3)

62 (12)

16.3 (14.4, 18.5)

 ptrend

 

0.55

0.13

 

0.42

 

0.71

0.77

 

0.006

 ptrend   e

 

0.67

0.19

 

0.83

 

0.68

0.48

 

0.02

Parity

 Nulliparous

48 (11)

30.1 (25.2, 36.0)

561.6 (483.2, 652.6)

18 (11)

14.3 (11.5, 17.7)

152 (12)

16.4 (15.0, 18.0)

605.9 (556.3, 659.9)

62 (12)

22.3 (19.8, 25.0)

 Parous

406 (89)

27.4 (25.8, 29.1)

550.1 (523.4, 578.2)

148 (89)

16.8 (15.7, 18.1)

1163 (88)

18.2 (17.6, 18.8)

611.1 (592.6, 630.3)

437 (88)

19.2 (18.4, 20.0)

 pdiff

 

0.33

0.80

 

0.17

 

0.04

0.85

 

0.02

 1 child

74 (17)

28.3 (24.5, 32.7)

516.8 (458.6, 582.3)

23 (15)

16.4 (13.5, 19.9)

200 (15)

17.2 (15.9, 18.6)

602.8 (558.8, 650.2)

84 (17)

19.7 (17.9, 21.8)

 2 children

215 (50)

27.6 (25.4, 30.0)

559.8 (522.1, 600.1)

69 (45)

16.1 (14.4, 18.0)

513 (40)

18.2 (17.3, 19.2)

598.2 (570.6, 627.0)

175 (36)

19.4 (18.1, 20.8)

 3 children

75 (17)

26.7 (23.1, 30.8)

556.8 (494.9, 626.4)

38 (25)

17.8 (15.3, 20.7)

270 (21)

18.2 (17.0, 19.5)

623.0 (584.2, 664.4)

106 (22)

19.0 (17.4, 20.8)

 4+ children

22 (5)

28.9 (22.1, 37.9)

511.4 (409.6, 638.6)

6 (4)

17.5 (12.0, 25.4)

157 (12)

19.0 (17.3, 20.9)

637.2 (584.3, 695.0)

58 (12)

18.2 (16.1, 20.6)

 ptrend

 

0.49

0.90

 

0.19

 

0.02

0.32

 

0.02

 ptrend   e

 

0.81

0.76

 

0.49

 

0.16

0.20

 

0.34

Hysterectomy

 No

411 (97)

27.5 (25.9, 29.2)

550.0 (524.3, 577.0)

154 (98)

16.6 (15.5, 17.7)

972 (86)

18.1 (17.4, 18.7)

591.3 (571.6, 611.8)

364 (86)

19.2 (18.3, 20.2)

 Yes

12 (3)

20.0 (13.9, 28.9)

621.8 (460.7, 839.2)

3 (2)

11.0 (6.4, 18.9)

164 (14)

15.5 (14.1, 17.1)

590.3 (540.5, 644.7)

60 (14)

19.3 (17.0, 21.8)

 pdiff

 

0.10

0.43

 

0.14

 

0.004

0.97

 

0.99

Uniliateral oophorectomy

 No

477 (98)

27.7 (26.2, 29.2)

556.8 (531.5, 583.3)

173 (99)

16.6 (15.6, 17.7)

1355 (96)

18.2 (17.7, 18.8)

615.6 (598.2, 633.5)

519 (96)

19.6 (18.8, 20.4)

 Yes

8 (2)

22.5 (14.6, 34.6)

510.4 (352.1, 740.0)

2 (1)

13.5 (7.2, 25.4)

62 (4)

14.9 (12.9, 17.3)

635.9 (555.3, 728.1)

19 (4)

22.6 (18.2, 28.0)

 pdiff

 

0.35

0.65

 

0.52

 

0.009

0.65

 

0.21

Age at menopause

  ≤ 47 years

     

368 (33)

15.9 (15.0, 16.8)

644.4 (609.6, 681.3)

124 (30)

21.5 (19.8, 23.3)

 48–51 years

     

406 (36)

17.4 (16.5, 18.4)

601.2 (570.7, 633.5)

157 (38)

19.9 (18.5, 21.4)

  > 51 years

     

353 (31)

19.4 (18.3, 20.6)

660.1 (624.2, 698.1)

130 (32)

17.9 (16.5, 19.5)

 ptrend

      

<0.0001

0.81

 

0.004

Type of HT

 Never used HT

     

779 (75)

18.9 (17.8, 20.0)

618.3 (585.6, 653.0)

319 (81)

20.0 (18.7, 21.3)

 Estrogen alone

     

81 (8)

13.6 (11.2, 16.5)

608.2 (507.6, 728.7)

20 (5)

18.9 (14.1, 25.3)

 Estrogen + Progestin

     

177 (17)

16.2 (14.0, 18.8)

562.1 (488.7, 646.5)

54 (14)

16.7 (13.6, 20.4)

 pdiff, E alone vs. never

      

0.005

0.88

 

0.74

 pdiff, E + P vs. never

      

0.12

0.29

 

0.14

Ovulatory cyclesf

  < = 368

143 (34)

27.2 (23.2, 31.9)

519.5 (456.0, 591.9)

56 (39)

17.3 (14.6, 20.6)

236 (22)

15.9 (14.8, 17.2)

654.8 (611.4, 701.4)

88 (21)

20.2 (18.2, 22.3)

 369–414

120 (29)

26.8 (23.9, 30.2)

522.1 (474.3, 574.8)

49 (34)

15.7 (13.6, 18.0)

263 (24)

17.1 (15.9, 18.3)

598.9 (561.2, 639.2)

93 (23)

22.0 (20.0, 24.3)

 415–450

80 (19)

28.7 (24.4, 33.7)

605.7 (530.3, 691.8)

26 (18)

19.1 (15.2, 24.1)

279 (25)

17.8 (16.6, 19.1)

618.9 (581.1, 659.2)

110 (27)

18.2 (16.6, 19.9)

  > 450

73 (18)

29.9 (24.4, 36.6)

592.4 (501.1, 700.4)

14 (10)

13.6 (10.0, 18.6)

318 (29)

18.6 (17.5, 19.8)

613.8 (578.6, 651.1)

122 (30)

18.5 (17.0, 20.2)

 ptrend

 

0.57

0.27

 

0.45

 

0.002

0.25

 

0.06

BMI (kg/m2)

  < 18.5

9 (2)

28.8 (19.3, 43.1)

419.8 (298.7, 589.9)

1 (1)

15.9 (6.1, 41.2)

21 (2)

18.7 (14.6, 23.9)

478.1 (379.5, 602.4)

6 (1)

31.5 (21.5, 46.0)

 18.5–24.99

267 (59)

27.1 (25.2, 29.1)

553.7 (520.7, 588.9)

94 (62)

16.2 (14.7, 17.8)

589 (43)

17.7 (16.9, 18.5)

603.9 (577.6, 631.4)

225 (44)

20.4 (19.1, 21.7)

 25–29.99

131 (29)

27.4 (24.7, 30.4)

598.6 (548.0, 653.8)

43 (28)

17.9 (15.5, 20.8)

522 (39)

18.2 (17.3, 19.1)

624.8 (596.4, 654.6)

208 (41)

19.2 (18.0, 20.5)

  ≥30

46 (10)

26.2 (21.9, 31.2)

473.5 (406.8, 551.2)

14 (9)

16.8 (13.0, 21.7)

223 (16)

19.1 (17.7, 20.7)

682.5 (633.3, 735.6)

70 (14)

19.2 (17.1, 21.6)

 ptrend

 

0.75

0.60

 

0.54

 

0.14

0.002

 

0.10

Smoking

 Never

273 (57)

27.7 (25.8, 29.8)

543.1 (510.0, 578.4)

97 (56)

15.2 (14.0, 16.5)

817 (59)

18.8 (18.0, 19.5)

607.4 (585.0, 630.7)

319 (60)

18.2 (17.4, 19.2)

 Former

114 (24)

28.5 (25.4, 32.0)

574.6 (520.2, 634.7)

39 (23)

15.6 (13.6, 17.8)

310 (22)

18.8 (17.6, 20.0)

660.1 (621.0, 701.7)

108 (20)

18.1 (16.6, 19.7)

 Current

94 (20)

26.0 (22.9, 29.6)

575.2 (515.7, 641.7)

37 (21)

22.4 (19.4, 25.8)

266 (19)

15.7 (14.6, 16.8)

591.4 (553.4, 632.0)

102 (19)

27.1 (24.8, 29.6)

 pdiff, former vs. never

 

0.70

0.36

 

0.77

 

0.99

0.03

 

0.86

 pdiff, current vs. never

 

0.40

0.38

 

<0.0001

 

<0.0001

0.50

 

<0.0001

  1. a2 controls missing CA125 and 9 missing CA153; b Restricted to 713 controls; cUnits: CA125: U/mL, CA15.3: mU/mL, HE4: pM; geometric means adjusted for matching factors, including study center (grouped by country), age at blood draw, fasting status, date and time of blood draw, menopausal status at blood draw, menstrual cycle phase for premenopausal women at blood draw, OC/HT use at blood draw, length of follow up. HT use and hysterectomy are each additionally adjusted for the other. P values based on continuous variables; dp difference between pre- and postmenopausal: CA125 = <0.0001; CA15.3 = 0.02; HE4 = 0.92; e Trend among parous women; ftime between menarche and menopause with time subtracted for oral contraceptive use, pregnancy and breastfeeding; categories based on quartile cutpoints. Note: Italicized p values indicate statistically significant associations
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Journal of Ovarian Research

ISSN: 1757-2215

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