From: Cancer-testis antigens in ovarian cancer: implication for biomarkers and therapeutic targets
CT genes | Location | Expression in OC | Positive ratio in tissues | Clinical significances in OC | Molecular biological functions involved in OC | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AKAP3 | 12p13.32 | OC tissues | mRNA 58% (43/74), 28% (15/54) | OS, PFS, Grade, Stage | Cell migration, Invasion | |
 | SVOV3, SKOV3, OV432 |  | ||||
AKAP4 | Xp11.22 | OC tissues | mRNA & protein 89% (34/38) | NR | ROS generation, DNA damage, Cell cycle, Apoptosis, EMT | |
 | A10, Caov-3, SKOV3 |  | ||||
BAGE | 21p11.2 | OC tissues | mRNA 14.6% (6/41) | Metastasis, Diagnostic sensitivity in ascites | NR | |
 | OC ascites specimens | mRNA 63% (17/27) |  | |||
 | COC1 |  | ||||
BORIS | 20q13.31 | OC tissues | NR | OS, PFS, Stage, global DNA hypomethylation | Immortalization (Activates hTERT transcription) Coregulation with other CT genes | |
 | OVCAR3, A2780, OVCAR429 |  | ||||
CT45 | Xq26.3 | OC tissues | mRNA 25% (29/118) | OS, DFS, Stage | Coregulation with other CT genes | |
 | OVSAHO | Protein 37% (82/219) |  | |||
GAGE-1/2 | Xp11.23 | OC tissues | mRNA 26.8% (11/41) | Diagnostic sensitivity in ascites | Paclitaxel-resistant phenotype | |
 | OC ascites specimens | mRNA 30% (8/27) |  | |||
 | A2780 | Protein 13.9% (30/216) |  | |||
HOM-TES-85 | Xq23 | OC tissues | mRNA 32% (7/22) | NR | Transcriptional activity and splicing | [95] |
HORMAD1 | 1q21.3 | Cell linesa | NR | NR | Cell survival, Invasion, Migration, Tumor microenvironment (VEGF, NF-κB) | |
HSP70-2 | 6p21.33 | SKOV3, Caov-3, A-10 | NR | NR | Cell cycle, Apoptosis, EMT | [67] |
LAGE-1 | Xq28 | OC tissues | mRNA 21% (22/107) | Stage | NR | [25] |
 | SKOV3 |  | ||||
MAGE-A1 | Xq28 | OC tissues | mRNA 53.7% (22/41), 21% (12/58), 40.3% (25/62) | PFS, Tumor differentiation, Stage, Metastasis, Diagnostic sensitivity in ascites | Cell proliferation, Migration (NOTCH signaling), Coregulation with other MAGE genes. | |
 | mRNA or protein 15% (42/281) |  | ||||
 | OC ascites specimens | mRNA 7% (2/27) |  | |||
Cell linesb | Â | Â | ||||
MAGE-A2 | Xq28 | OC tissues | mRNA 9% (5/58) | Chemotherapy | Cell growth, Paclitaxel-resistant phenotype, Coregulation with other MAGE genes. | |
MAGE-A3 | Xq28 | OC tissues | mRNA 36.6% (15/41), 40.3% (25/62) | Tumor differentiation, Stage, | Cell growth, Coregulation with other MAGE genes, | |
 | mRNA or protein 36% (131/390) | Diagnostic sensitivity in ascites or plasma | Paclitaxel-resistant phenotype | |||
 | OC ascites specimens | mRNA 30% (8/27) |  | |||
 | A2780, COC1, OV-90 |  | ||||
MAGE-A4 | Xq28 | OC tissues | mRNA 7% (4/58), 64.5% (40/62) | OS | Coregulation with other MAGE genes | |
 | Protein 23% (49/216) |  | ||||
 | mRNA or protein 47% (186/399) |  | ||||
 | Serum | Protein 22% (13/60) |  | |||
MAGE-A9 | Xq28 | OC tissues | Protein 37% (47/128) | OS, Stage, Grade, CA-125, Metastasis | NR | [39] |
MAGE-A10 | Xq28 | OC tissues | mRNA 11.3% (7/62) | PFS | Coregulation with other MAGE genes | |
 | mRNA or protein 52% (204/395) |  | ||||
MAGE-C1 | Xq27.2 | OC tissues | mRNA 14.5% (9/62) | PFS, Grade, Chemotherapy | Coregulation with other MAGE genes | |
 | mRNA or protein 16% (42/267) |  | ||||
 | Protein 25% (52/212) |  | ||||
NY-ESO-1 | Xq28 | OC tissues | mRNA 25.9% (260/1002) | OS, PFS, Stage, Grade | Coregulation with other CT genes ( LAGE-1 ) | |
 | mRNA 30% ( 32/107) 8.1% (5/62) |  | ||||
 | Protein 43% (62/143), 7.1 % (15/211), 26.5% (232/874) |  | ||||
 | SKOV3, A2780, OVCAR3 | mRNA or protein 41% (408/1002), 43% (82/190) |  | |||
OY-TES-1 | 12p13.31 | OC tissues | mRNA 32.3% (20/62) | Survival time, faster relapse | Spindle-pole congression, Cell proliferation, Paclitaxel resistance | |
 | mRNA or protein 69% (69/100) |  | ||||
 | PEO4, PEO1 | Protein 81% (87/107) |  | |||
PRAME | 22q11.22 | OC tissues | mRNA 60% (70/119) | OS, DFS, Grade, Stage, Metastasis, | NR | |
 | Cell linesc |  | Global DNA hypomethylation |  | ||
PASD1 | Xq28 | OC tissues | NR | NR | NR | [99] |
PIWIL1 | 12q24.33 | OC tissues | mRNA 61% (129/211) | OS, Metastasis, Chemotherapy, | Interacts with let-7a, Invasiveness, Angiogenesis | |
 | A2780 | Protein 18/20 (90%) |  | |||
PIWIL2 | 8p21.3 | OC tissues | mRNA 29% (18/62) | Metastasis | Cisplatin resistance (repair of cisplatin-induced DNA damage) | |
 | Cell linesd | Protein 19/20 (95%) |  | |||
PIWIL3 | 22q11.23 | OC tissues | Protein 19/20 (95%) | Metastasis | Â | [43] |
PIWIL4 | 11q21 | OC tissues | Protein 19/20 (95%) | Metastasis | Â | |
 | OVCAR5 |  | ||||
PLU-1 | 1q32.1 | OC tissues | Protein 71% (85/120) | OS, DFS, Stage, Grade, Metastasis, Chemotherapy | NR | [80] |
PLAC1 | Xq26.3 | OC tissues, | mRNA 21% (21/101) | NR | NR | |
 | Cell lines e |  | ||||
SPAG9 | 17q21.33 | OC tissues | mRNA 90% (18/20) | NR | Cell proliferation, Invasion, Migration (JLP-JNK signaling) | [30] |
 | Cell linesf | Protein 67% (20/30) |  | |||
SCP-1 | 1p13.2 | OC tissues | mRNA 15% (15/100) | Grade, survival | NR | [105] |
SP17 | 11q24.2 | OC tissues | mRNA 68% (17/25) | Chemotherapy | Cell migration, Chemosensitivity (carboplatin, cisplatin). | |
 | Protein 43% (30/70) |  | Vaccination against SP17 controlled tumor growth in a murine model |  | ||
 | Metastatic ascitic fluid |  | ||||
 | HO-8910, ES-2, SKOV-3 |  | ||||
SSX2 | Xp11.22 | OC tissues, | mRNA 10% (12/122) | Potential diagnostic markers for ovarian cancer (anti-SSX common epitope, sera) | NR | |
 | SVOV3, OVCAR3, |  |  | |||
SSX1 | Xp11.22 | OC tissues | mRNA 2.5% (/3/118) | Â | ||
 | SKOV3 |  | ||||
SSX4 | Xp11.22 | OC tissues, | mRNA 16% (19/120) | Â | ||
 | SVOV3, SKOV3, OVCAR3 | mRNA 50% (6/12) |  | |||
TAG-1 | 5p15.2 | OC tissues | mRNA 35% (8/23) | NR | NR | [108] |
 |  | Cell linesg |  |  | ||
TAG-2a | 5p15.2 | OC tissues | mRNA 22% (5/23) | Â | ||
 |  | Cell linesh |  |  | ||
TAG-2b | 5p15.2 | OC tissues | mRNA 9% (2/23) | Â | ||
 |  | OVCAR3, TTB-6 |  |  | ||
TAG-2c | 5p15.2 | OC tissues | mRNA 9% (2/23) | Â | ||
 | OVCAR3, SW626, TTB-6 |  | ||||
TRAG-3 | Xq28 | OC tissues | Protein 83.8% (31/37) | OS, PFS, Chemotherapy | Coregulation with other cancer-testis antigens. | |
 | SKOV-3TR, OVCAR-4 |  |