Fig. 6

Effects of androgen (DHT) and insulin-sensitizer (pioglitazone) on gene expression of TGF-β superfamily ligands and receptors. Isolated follicles were cultured for 13 days and then analyzed for mRNA expression levels of a Amh, b Bmp2, c Bmp6, d Amhr2, e Acvr1, f Bmpr1a, and g Bmpr1b. 1) CTRL group, base media plus DHT vehicle (100% ethanol) and pioglitazone vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide; DMSO); 2) DHT group, CTRL media plus 500 ng/mL DHT and DMSO; 3) pioglitazone group, CTRL media plus 5 ng/mL pioglitazone and ethanol; and 4) DHT + pioglitazone group, CTRL media plus 500 ng/mL DHT and 5 ng/mL pioglitazone. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error, and have been log₂ transformed. All groups were compared with the control group. *P < 0.05, by one-way ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls post-hoc analysis