Table 1 Studies on ovarian endometriomas in adolescents published to date

Wright and Laufer, 2010 [2]

18

On US and CT: huge pelvic mass of 35 cm in diameter, with solid and cystic components, ascites present.

On surgery: large right and left ovarian masses with adhesions to the omentum, pelvic sidewalls, fallopian tubes, and uterus, the combined contents were ~ 8 L of chocolate-brown fluid.

No symptoms, regular menses, no dysmenorrhea, mild hydroureter and hydronephrosis, CA125 = 379.0 U/mL,

LDH = 245.0 IU/L.

Laparotomy, enucleation of the cyst in one ovary, drainage of that in the other.

Gogacz et al., 2012 [26]

11

On US, a well encapsulated tumor (capsule approximately 3 mm thick) with homogeneous content, located behind the uterus.

On surgery, a left ovarian cyst located in the Douglas pouch, containing chocolate-brown fluid, with numerous adhesions to the peritoneum and intestine.

Premenarcheal vomiting, severe hypogastric pain.

Laparotomy, enucleation of the cyst.

Lee et al., 2013 [19]

Mean age = 19.2 ± 1 ys (n = 35)

Bilateral cysts in 49% of cases, located in the right or left ovary in 20 and 31%, respectively. Cul-de-sac obliteration in 57%.

Pain in 77% of cases, incidental in 23% of cases

Laparoscopy, enucleation of the cysts.

Lee et al., 2017 [15]

Mean age = 19.1 ± 1.2 ys (n = 105)

Mean cyst size 75 ± 29 mm, bilateral in 21% of cases, located in the right or left ovary in 42.9 and 36.2%, respectively. Complete or partial cul-de-sac obliteration in 14.3 and 32.4%, respectively.

Dysmenorrhea in 40.5% of cases, pelvic pain in 18.8%, gastrointestinal symptoms in 6%, mass effect in 18.8%, incidental detection of endometrioma in 9.4%.

Laparoscopy, enucleation of the cysts.