Fig. 1

The Effect of Metformin on Survival in Ovarian Cancer Patients. a Kaplan-Meier OS of ovarian cancer patients with (n = 32) or without (n = 705) metformin use. b The ovarian cancer-free incidence in female DM patients: metformin(+) (ever used)/insulin(+) (ever used) users (n = 24,033) and metformin(−) (never used)/insulin(−) (never used) users (n = 14,853) from the National Health Insurance Taiwanese Dataset. c Tumor proliferation (cell number, 2D-colony formation) and Western blot analyses of the indicated proteins in the AKT/mTOR pathway of mouse ovarian cancer cells treated with different concentrations of metformin. d Comparison of the mortality rates between groups with low and high protein expression by the half-division approach. Kaplan-Meier analysis assessed the correlations of the indicated proteins (AKT [total and pSer473], mTOR [total and pSer2448]) with the overall survival of patients; data from the cBioPortal TCGA database (TCGA Provisional, ovarian cancer genomics, n = 606). A log-rank p-value less than 0.05 indicated a significant difference in overall prognosis (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001)