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Table 1 Comparison of main clinical features in normal controls and PCOS subjects

From: Decreased SFRP5 correlated with excessive metabolic inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome could be reversed by metformin: implication of its role in dysregulated metabolism

Item

Normal control

PCOS

P-value

Normal weight

(BMI < 25)

Overweight /Obese

(BMI ≥ 25)

N

33

33

34

 

SFRP5 (ng/ml)

63.98 ± 12.40

37.99 ± 10.80c

32.77 ± 8.31c

 < 0.001

Age(years)

27.97 ± 3.86

26.97 ± 2.82

29.06 ± 3.86

0.293

BMI (Kg/m2)

20.70 ± 2.14

21.62 ± 1.98

28.28 ± 2.40c,f

 < 0.001

WHR

0.79 ± 0.03

0.79 ± 0.04

0.84 ± 0.02c,f

 < 0.001

AMH (ng/ml)

2.86 ± 0.70

5.52 ± 2.02c

6.62 ± 2.83c

 < 0.001

FSH (mIU/ml)

7.58 ± 1.95

6.18 ± 1.87a

6.89 ± 2.21

0.036

LH (mIU/ml)

7.01 ± 1.77

12.46 ± 9.99a

9.42 ± 6.24

0.023

FAI

2.15 ± 0.56

5.98 ± 2.47c

6.92 ± 3.09c

 < 0.001

FINS (Uiu/ml)

5.4(4.3,6.5)

5.97(4.85, 9.15)

12.99(10.83,14.85)c,f

 < 0.001

2-h INS (Uiu/ml)

18.5(13.22,27.87)

41.2 (33.94,81.95)c

99.49(67.99,138.86)c,e

 < 0.001

FBG (mmol/l)

4.91 ± 0.23

5.31 ± 0.33c

5.71 ± 0.61c

 < 0.001

2-hBG (mmol/l)

5.74 ± 1.00

7.58 ± 1.92c

9.01 ± 2.30c

 < 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.00 ± 0.23

1.17 ± 0.58

2.27 ± 0.91c,f

 < 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

4.36 ± 0.44

4.49 ± 0.51

4.78 ± 0.53b

0.007

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.41 ± 0.31

1.28 ± 0.27

1.24 ± 0.22

0.022

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.55 ± 0.40

2.55 ± 0.34

2.91 ± 0.41b,e

0.056

HbA1c(%)

5.35 ± 0.24

5.60 ± 0.28b

5.77 ± 0.28c

 < 0.001

AUCI

75.66(66.10,88.95)

148.82(106.4,255.49)c

265.94(195.23,388.22)c,e

 < 0.001

AUCG

18.70 ± 2.40

25.21 ± 4.87c

27.78 ± 4.69c

 < 0.001

HOMA-IR

1.17(0.97,1.44)

1.54(1.01, 2.05)

3.28(2.56, 4.06)c,f

 < 0.001

IL6(pg/ml)

4.48 ± 2.94

47.65 ± 30.68c

52.30 ± 39.06c

 < 0.001

TNFα (ng/ml)

16.08 ± 3.17

61.36 ± 13.68c

61.27 ± 10.95c

 < 0.001

  1. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or medians (25th, 75th percentiles)
  2. WHR waist-to-hip ratio, AMH anti-Müllerian hormone, FAI the free androgen index, FBG fasting blood glucose, 2-hBG 2-h blood glucose, FINS fasting insulin, 2-h Ins 2-h plasma insulin after glucose overload, TG triglyceride, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, AUCI the area under the curve of insulin, AUCG the area under the curve of glucose, HOMA-IR the homeostasis model assessment of IR
  3. P value: total PCOS compared to the control
  4. a,b and c p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 as compared to the control
  5. d, e and f p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 as compared to normal weight PCOS (BMI < 25)