Table 1 The ectopic expression of miRNAs and drug resistance pathways
microRNA nomenclature | Drug | Pathway | Mode of drug resistance | Mode of action | Resistance mechanism | Cell line/ Tissue Sample types | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-21 | platinum | PTEN | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Downregulation of PTEN leads to drug resistance | SKOV3 and SKOV3/DDP cells | [79] |
miR-93 | Platinum | PTEN/AKT | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-93 inhibits apoptosis to promote drug resistance via PTEN/AKT pathway | CDDP-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancer tissue samples and OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cell lines | [80] |
miR-106a | Platinum | PDCD4/caspase-3, caspase-8 | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-106a inhibits apoptosis to promote drug resistance via the PDCD4/caspase-3 and caspase-8 pathways | OVCAR3 cell line/ CDDP-resistant ovarian cancer OVCAR3/CIS cell line | [81] |
miR-125b | Platinum | BAK1 | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-125b induces apoptosis inhibition to promote drug resistance via the BAK1 pathway | cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancer cell line (OV2008) and its resistant variant (C13*) | [82] |
miR-142-5p | Platinum | MCL-1 | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Downregulated miR-142-5p inhibits apoptosis to promote drug resistance via the MCL-1 pathway | OVCAR3, SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cell lines, and HEK293T (293Â T) cell line | [83] |
miR-149-5p | Platinum | MST1, SAV1/YAP, TAZ | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-149-5p induces apoptosis inhibition, leading to drug resistance via MST1, SAV1/YAP, and TAZ pathways | TOV-21G, A2780, OVCAR-3, Caov-3, ES-2, HO-8910, and SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer cell lines | [84] |
miR-204 | Platinum | IL-6R/STAT3/miR-204/IL-6R | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Downregulated miR-204 in IL-6R/STAT3/miR-204/IL-6R pathway induces apoptosis inhibition to promote drug resistance | The cDDP-resistant EOC cell lines SKOV3, ACRP, OVCAR3, OV2008, and C13* | [85] |
miR-205 | Platinum | PTEN | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-205 induces apoptosis inhibition to promote drug resistance via the PTEN pathway | 110 archived clinical ovarian cancer tissues/six ovarian cancer cell lines (HO-8910, HO-8910PM, SKOV-3, SKOV-3ip, SKOV-3/DDP, and COC1) | [86] |
miR-214 | Platinum | PTEN/AKT | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-214 inhibits apoptosis to promote drug resistance via PTEN/AKT pathway | Human ovarian cancer cell lines and human immortalized ovarian surface epithelial (HIOSE) cell lines | [17] |
miR-216a | Platinum | PTEN | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Downregulation of PTEN leads to drug resistance | SKOV3 and OVCA433 cell lines | [87] |
miR-223 | Platinum | PTEN/PI3K/AKT | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-223 induces apoptosis inhibition to promote drug resistance via PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway | The human epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and SKOV3 | [88] |
miR-411 | Platinum | ABCG2 | Drug efflux | Inhibition of mRNA | Downregulated miR-411 leads to drug efflux, inducing drug resistance via the ABCG2 pathway | Three-to four-week-old female athymic BALB/c nu/nu mice, SKOV3 and OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cell lines, ten primary ovarian cancer tissues | [89] |
miR-1180 | platinum | SFRP1/Wnt-5a/β-catenin | Glycolysis | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-1180 promotes glycolysis to induce drug resistance via SFRP1/Wnt-5a/β-catenin pathway | SKOV3 and COC1 ovarian cancer cells, Surgical specimens, and medical records were collected from 59 ovarian cancer patients | [90] |
miR-27a | Taxane | HIPK2/MDR1/P-gp | Drug efflux | ceRNA | Downregulation of HIPK2 promotes the transcription of MDR1, thus promoting drug resistance | Human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 | [91] |
miR-29b | Taxane | BAG3/miR-29b/MCL-1 | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Downregulated miR-29b in BAG3/miR-29b/MCL-1 pathway induces apoptosis inhibition to promote drug resistance | The ES2 (clear cell carcinoma) and AMOC2 (serous adenocarcinoma) ovarian cancer cell lines | [92] |
miR-106a | Taxane | Caspase-7; BCL10 | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-106a inhibits apoptosis leading to drug resistance via caspase-7, BCL10 pathway | SKOV3 cell line, Fresh tissue samples from 39 serous ovarian tumors, including six benign serous tumors and 33 malignant serous carcinomas | [93] |
miR-630 | Taxane | APAF-1 | Apoptosis inhibition | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-630 inhibits apoptosis leading to drug resistance via the APAF-1 pathway | Human epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and paclitaxel-resistant SKOV3 (SKOV3-TR) | [74] |
miR-1307 | Taxane | CIC/ETV4 | Drug efflux | Inhibition of mRNA | Upregulated miR-1307 may lead to drug resistance by promoting MDR1 transcription via CIC/ETV4 pathway | Human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and SKOV3-TR30 | [94] |