Alterations of bacteriome, mycobiome and metabolome characteristics in PCOS patients with normal/overweight individuals

Yin, Guoshu; Chen, Fu; Chen, Guishan; Yang, Xiaoping; Huang, Qingxia; Chen, Lan; Chen, Minjie; Zhang, Weichun; Ou, Miaoqiong; Cao, Man; Lin, Hong; Chen, Man; Xu, Hongzhi; Ren, Jianlin; Chen, Yongsong; Chen, Zhangran

doi:10.1186/s13048-022-01051-8

Table 1 Clinical characteristics baseline in the BMI-related healthy and PCOS groups

From: Alterations of bacteriome, mycobiome and metabolome characteristics in PCOS patients with normal/overweight individuals

Parameter	Characteristic	Healthy-LB (n = 21)	PCOS-LB (n = 22)	p value	FDR	Healthy-HB (n = 20)	PCOS-HB (n = 25)	p value	FDR	Four groups p value	Four groups FDR
Demographic characteristics	Age (years)	28.53 ± 3.19	28.96 ± 3.87	0.6	0.832	29.9 ± 2.98	29.04 ± 3.89	0.283	0.498	0.555	0.666
Demographic characteristics	BMI (kg/m²)	20.01 ± 1.83	20.68 ± 2.17	0.23	0.504	29.03 ± 3.06	28.19 ± 2.82	0.332	0.541	0.001	0.001
Liver function	LDH (U/L)	174.2 ± 29.51	174.96 ± 44.35	0.942	0.972	183.8 ± 30.79	198.88 ± 30.71	0.121	0.272	0.013	0.025
	AST (U/L)	20.2 ± 6.09	20.1 ± 5.73	0.808	0.972	19.62 ± 4.9	24.88 ± 10.51	0.071	0.209	0.121	0.166
	ALT (U/L)	14.77 ± 7.95	18.19 ± 11.92	0.526	0.827	19.96 ± 10.31	32.35 ± 26.24	0.043	0.144	0.002	0.004
	GGT (U/L)	20 ± 9.69	20.91 ± 9.58	0.551	0.832	21.97 ± 9.72	28.92 ± 14.32	0.044	0.144	0.021	0.039
	ALP (U/L)	69.67 ± 16.8	69 ± 16.12	0.444	0.748	76.29 ± 16.11	78.04 ± 23.73	0.592	0.723	0.114	0.162
	CHE (U/mL)	7.32 ± 1.49	7.96 ± 1.35	0.294	0.579	9.02 ± 1.32	9.6 ± 1.54	0.371	0.583	0.001	0.001
	MAO (U/L)	3.29 ± 0.91	3 ± 1.12	0.303	0.579	5.42 ± 2.74	4.1 ± 1.47	0.128	0.272	0.001	0.001
	AFU (U/L)	23.34 ± 4.34	27.23 ± 6.57	0.043	0.142	26.95 ± 5.69	29.32 ± 6.5	0.326	0.541	0.031	0.056
	TP (g/L)	76.28 ± 4.51	77.01 ± 3.86	0.972	0.972	76.77 ± 4.77	76.56 ± 3.83	0.955	1	0.998	0.998
	ALB (g/L)	44.1 ± 2.12	44.79 ± 1.94	0.338	0.619	45.69 ± 6.92	44.74 ± 2.14	0.53	0.707	0.676	0.782
	GLB (g/L)	32.19 ± 3.03	32.22 ± 2.89	0.674	0.899	32.41 ± 3.92	31.82 ± 2.79	0.576	0.723	0.952	0.987
	ALB/GLB	1.38 ± 0.11	1.4 ± 0.12	0.601	0.832	1.39 ± 0.18	1.41 ± 0.15	0.479	0.68	0.822	0.928
	TBIL (μmol/L)	10.87 ± 4.56	10.94 ± 4.37	0.971	0.972	11.84 ± 5.65	10.45 ± 2.93	0.743	0.861	0.932	0.987
	DBIL (μmol/L)	2.05 ± 0.94	1.96 ± 0.81	0.933	0.972	2.51 ± 2.4	1.77 ± 0.57	0.15	0.3	0.56	0.666
	IBIL (μmol/L)	8.82 ± 3.7	8.99 ± 3.67	0.846	0.972	9.33 ± 3.75	8.67 ± 2.46	1	1	0.964	0.987
Renal function	CO₂ (mmol/L)	25.17 ± 2.48	26.22 ± 2.19	0.178	0.421	25.42 ± 7.61	25.62 ± 2.56	0.098	0.239	0.099	0.15
	BUN (mmol/L)	4.8 ± 1.28	4.09 ± 0.71	0.032	0.12	4.74 ± 0.94	4.59 ± 1.14	0.418	0.634	0.067	0.114
	Cr (μmol/L)	75.62 ± 7.22	71.19 ± 8.67	0.103	0.282	72.5 ± 11.08	71.68 ± 9.5	0.561	0.723	0.105	0.153
Metabolic index	UA (μmol/L)	346.39 ± 89.7	355.47 ± 74.5	0.605	0.832	404.96 ± 138.48	428.22 ± 79.55	0.234	0.428	0.005	0.009
	TC (mmol/L)	4.74 ± 0.83	4.74 ± 0.61	0.913	0.972	4.84 ± 0.72	4.8 ± 0.87	0.508	0.699	0.884	0.972
	TG (mmol/L)	0.97 ± 0.39	1.06 ± 0.45	0.452	0.748	1.37 ± 0.65	1.43 ± 0.78	0.991	1	0.049	0.085
	HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.58 ± 0.22	1.46 ± 0.29	0.096	0.282	1.1 ± 0.18	1.16 ± 0.16	0.226	0.428	0.001	0.001
	LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.89 ± 0.66	2.94 ± 0.42	0.762	0.972	3.18 ± 0.58	3.15 ± 0.67	0.811	0.91	0.24	0.301
Sex hormone	LH (mIU/mL)	6.12 ± 1.65	12.23 ± 7.73	0.004	0.027	3.17 ± 1.69	6.89 ± 3.29	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
	FSH (mIU/mL)	4.58 ± 2.11	6.6 ± 2.04	0.001	0.015	5.64 ± 1.59	6.27 ± 1.68	0.085	0.225	0.002	0.003
	LH/FSH	2.05 ± 3.15	1.93 ± 1.16	0.156	0.402	0.56 ± 0.2	1.23 ± 0.95	0.001	0.002	0.001	0.001
	PRL (ng/mL)	26.15 ± 16.61	15.84 ± 7.79	0.015	0.064	20.5 ± 13.46	18.15 ± 10.28	0.624	0.742	0.092	0.146
	E2 (pg/mL)	28.58 ± 18.32	69.08 ± 50.55	0.001	0.001	32.97 ± 14.52	44.13 ± 15.74	0.033	0.144	0.001	0.001
	PROG (nmol/L)	0.9 ± 0.3	0.64 ± 0.37	0.008	0.039	0.64 ± 0.44	0.54 ± 0.48	0.087	0.225	0.001	0.003
Androgen	AD (ng/mL)	1.2 ± 0.37	1.99 ± 0.9	0.004	0.027	0.87 ± 0.32	1.8 ± 0.65	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
	TT (ng/mL)	0.31 ± 0.13	0.51 ± 0.28	0.033	0.12	0.19 ± 0.08	0.46 ± 0.23	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
	DHEA (ng/mL)	10.11 ± 5.27	11.02 ± 8.88	0.953	0.972	5.57 ± 4.41	9.72 ± 4.71	0.005	0.031	0.004	0.008
	FAI	1.83 ± 0.99	5.18 ± 3.35	0.001	0.002	2.32 ± 1.27	8.78 ± 4.93	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
	SHBG (nmol/L)	68.1 ± 31.72	40.3 ± 17.5	0.002	0.022	32.91 ± 13.34	21.75 ± 11.81	0.005	0.031	0.001	0.001
Glucose tolerance	G0 (mmol/L)	4.77 ± 0.38	5.16 ± 0.42	0.005	0.027	5.19 ± 0.69	5.67 ± 1.34	0.479	0.68	0.001	0.001
Glucose tolerance	G120 (mmol/L)	5.76 ± 1.33	7.41 ± 2.44	0.007	0.039	6.98 ± 1.68	9.18 ± 4.09	0.023	0.123	0.001	0.001
Insulin	I0 (mIU/L)	8.33 ± 3.65	12.36 ± 14.26	0.459	0.748	18.63 ± 9.21	18.52 ± 10.68	0.848	0.91	0.001	0.001
	I120 (mIU/L)	52.3 ± 34.95	92.41 ± 78.14	0.046	0.142	106.17 ± 85.51	134.32 ± 71.02	0.13	0.272	0.001	0.002
	HOMA-IR	1.8 ± 0.87	2.94 ± 3.73	0.269	0.564	4.27 ± 2.13	4.67 ± 2.7	0.847	0.91	0.001	0.001
Methylation	FKBP5-Met1	51.86 ± 3.4	50.61 ± 2.41	0.182	0.421	54.59 ± 6.13	51.24 ± 4.78	0.041	0.144	0.093	0.146
	FKBP5-Met2	80.41 ± 4.41	80.51 ± 4.07	0.857	0.972	84.81 ± 8.54	79.72 ± 7.3	0.046	0.144	0.161	0.208
	FKBP5-Met	66.14 ± 3.64	65.56 ± 2.67	0.839	0.972	69.7 ± 7.06	65.48 ± 5.79	0.045	0.144	0.153	0.203

The data are shown as the mean ± SD
BMI Body mass index, LDH Lactate dehydrogenase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, GGT Glutamyltransferase, ALP Alkaline phosphatase, CHE Cholinesterase, MAO Monoamine oxidase, AFU α-L-fucosidase, TP Total protein, ALB Albumin, GLB Globulin, TBIL Total bilirubin, DBIL Direct bilirubin, IBIL Indirect bilirubin, BUN urea nitrogen, Cr Creatinine, UA Uric acid, TG Triglycerides, TC Total cholesterol, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LH Luteinizing hormone, FSH Follicle stimulating hormone, PRL Prolactin, E2 Estrogen, PROG Progesterone, AD Androstenedione, TT Total testosterone, DHEA Dehydroepiandrosterone, FAI free androgen index, SHBG Sex hormone-binding globulin, G0 glucose level at fasting status, G120 Glucose level at 120 min after glucose load, I0 insulin level at fasting status, I120 insulin level at 120 min after glucose load, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment for IR, FKBP5-Met1 FKBP5 DNA methylation at CpG 35,657,180/hg19, FKBP5-Met2 FKBP5 DNA methylation at CpG 35,657,202/hg19, FKBP5-Met average of FKBP5 DNA methylation at CpG 35,657,180 and 35,657,202/hg19

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