Fig. 6

Exogenous VEGFA alleviated excessive autophagy of GCs in vitro. A The capacity of secretion VEGFA was compared between monolayer and MSCs spheroids at the same amount. B The autophagy protein expression was changed in the co-culture of MSCs and KGN by chiauranib, an inhibitor of the VEGFA receptor. The effects of chiauranib on VEGFA rescuing CTX-induced excessive autophagy proteins expression in KGN (C) and primary GCs (D). The effects of chiauranib on VEGFA rescuing CTX-changed LC3B expression (E) and ROS level (F) in KGN and primary GCs; scale bar: 100 μm in KGN and 50 μm in GCs. The effects of chiauranib on VEGFA rescuing CTX-changed the GSH (G) and MDA (H) levels in KGN and primary GCs. *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01