Table 3 Representative supporting evidence for GPR3 as a POI candidate gene
From: Rare variants in GPR3 in POI patients: a case series with review of literature
Index | Research type | Research object | Research method | Phenotype/results | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Animal model | Gpr3−/− mice; C57BL/6J | Knock out | Resumption of meiosis in most of the oocytes within antral follicles | [7] |
2 | Animal model | Gpr3−/− mice; C57BL/6J and CD1 | Knock out | Accelerated age-dependent reduction of fertility; premature resumption of meiosis I and impaired meiotic competence; increased FSH levels and shorter estrous cycles in aging females | [12] |
3 | Animal model | Gpr3−/− mice; C57BL/6J | Knock out | Lower amounts of CDK1 and decrease of meiotic competence in oocytes | [19] |
4 | Ex vivo cell experiment | Porcine oocytes | Knock down; overexpression | Abnormal meiosis resumption; changes in cyclin B, cAMP and cGMP levels | [11] |
5 | Clinical report | 82 Caucasian POF women | Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) | No disease-associated variants in GPR3 | [13] |
6 | Clinical report | 100 Chinese POF women | PCR and sequencing | No disease-associated variants in GPR3 | [14] |
7 | Clinical report | 269 POI women (mostly Caucasian) | Candidate genes sequencing | No disease-associated variants in GPR3 | [15] |
8 | Clinical report | 156 Chinese POI women | WES | Two rare missense variants in GPR3 identified in two patients | This paper |