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Table 2 The association between the probability and pregnancy determined by β–hCG or USG

From: Assessment of Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 and Versican gene expression profile from the cumulus cells: association with better in vitro fertilization outcomes

Category Size OR a 95% CI p-value
Pregnancy by β–hCG
 Probability raw scoreb
  Overall 149 11.59 4.27–31.84 < 0.001 *
  Patient’s age
    < 38 years of age 63 11.46 2.16–60.65 0.004 *
    ≥ 38 years of age 86 12.41 3.48–44.21 < 0.001 *
  Pre-implantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
   No PGT confirmed euploid embryo 104 6.81 2.03–22.86 0.002 *
   PGT confirmed euploid embryo 45 51.23 6.46–406.25 < 0.001 *
  Patient’s health
   No major etiology 131 17.43 5.48–55.44 < 0.001 *
   Presence of a major etiology 18 4.48 0.19–104.06 0.350
 At least 1 PVL positive embryo c
  Overall 149 17.15 6.82–43.18 < 0.001 *
  Patient’s age
    < 38 years of age 63 13.60 3.71–49.91 < 0.001 *
    ≥ 38 years of age 86 21.93 5.73–83.94 < 0.001 *
  Pre-implantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
   No PGT confirmed euploid embryo 104 9.67 3.54–26.43 < 0.001 *
   PGT confirmed euploid embryo 45 N/D   
  Patient’s health
   No major etiology 131 29.17 10.43–81.56 < 0.001 *
   Presence of a major etiology 18 1.20 0.09–15.26 0.888
Pregnancy by Ultrasound confirmation
 Probability raw score b
  Overall 149 8.40 3.26–21.63 < 0.001 *
  Patient’s age
    < 38 years of age 63 3.84 0.92–16.12 0.066
    ≥ 38 years of age 86 14.79 4.08–53.61 < 0.001 *
  Pre-implantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
   No PGT confirmed euploid embryo 104 6.31 1.94–20.50 0.002 *
   PGT confirmed euploid embryo 45 21.62 3.53–132.42 0.001 *
  Patient’s health
   No major etiology 131 10.75 3.77–30.65 < 0.001 *
   Presence of a major etiology 18 4.48 0.19–104.06 0.350
 At least 1 PVL positive embryo c
  Overall 149 16.81 6.43–43.92 < 0.001 *
  Patient’s age
    < 38 years of age 63 9.48 2.66–33.78 0.001 *
    ≥ 38 years of age 86 31.63 6.68–149.79 < 0.001 *
  Pre-implantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
   No PGT confirmed euploid embryo 104 10.27 3.64–28.96 < 0.001 *
   PGT confirmed euploid embryo 45 N/D   
  Patient’s health
   No major etiology 131 26.91 9.29–77.94 < 0.001 *
   Presence of a major etiology 18 1.20 0.09–15.26 0.888
  1. aCrude odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were determined using logistic regression. N/D = was not able to be determined. *indicates a significant result, p < 0.05 (two-tailed). bProbability = 1-(xneg/xtot)n, where xneg = number of embryos with a PVL index score < 58.2, xtot = total number of transferred embryos, and n = number of embryos with a PVL index score ≥ 58.2. cA positive cohort has the probability ≠0.00
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