Persistently elevated alpha-fetoprotein associated with chronic hepatitis B during chemotherapy for malignant ovarian germ cell tumors: a case series and a review of the literature

Table 1 Literature review of all previous cases of false elevations of AFP in non-seminomatous GCTs

Author/Year of publication	Case	Age	Histologic type	Stage	Maximum AFP level (ng/ml)	Etiology	Additional treatment	Outcome
Germa et al. 1993 [26]^a	1^e	26	YST	III	122	HD (anesthetic drugs)	Second surgery	ANED
	2	28	S, EC, YST	III	16	HD (HCV, alcohol)	–	ANED
	3	29	EC, T	II	91	HD (chemotherapeutic drugs)	–	ANED
	4	17	EC, T, YST	IV	42	HD (chemotherapeutic drugs)	–	ANED
	5	30	EC	II	18	HD (antiepileptic drugs)	–	ANED
	6	27	S, EC, YST	II	155	HD (HBV)	–	ANED
	7	23	S, EC, T	II	13	HD (alcohol)	Chemo	ANED
	8	21	S, IT	IV	120	HD (alcohol)	–	ANED
Morris et al. 2000 [35]^b	9	33	EC	I	40	NA	–	ANED
	10	24	EC, T	II	55	NA	–	ANED
	11	22	S, CC	I	107	HD (early cirrhosis)	–	NA
Funahashi et al. 2005 [31]^c Wymer et al. 2017 [18]^d	12	30	S, T, IT	I	20	NA	–	ANED
	13	30	T	I	18	NA	–	ANED
	14	35	EC, YST, T	I	11	NA	–	ANED
	15	28	EC, YST, T	II	13	NA	–	ANED
	16	18	EC, YST, T	I	11	NA	Chemo	ANED
	17	32	T, EC, CC	I	15.8	NA	Chemo	ANED
	18	21	EC	I	9.4	NA	PRLND	ANED

ANED Alive with no evidence of disease, CC Choriocarcinoma, Chemo Chemotherapy, EC Embryonal carcinoma, HD Hepatic dysfunction, IT Immature teratoma, NA Not available, PRLND Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, S Seminoma, T Teratoma, YST Yolk sac tumor.
^{a, b, c} One case in each article is seminoma, respectively
^d Four cases in the article is seminoma
^e All the patients are male, except this patient is female

ISSN: 1757-2215