Table 1 Description of ovarian absence cases with demographic, intraoperative, and clinical data for 113 cases of ovarian absence

Ovarian Absence Cases

113

100

Age (years), mean ± SD

22.47

 ± 14.9

Age Groups *

 Infant (0–2 years)

20

18%

 Child (2–18 years)

17

15%

 Adult (18 + years)

74

65%

 Not specified

2

2%

Suspected Etiology *

 Torsion/Vascular accident

58

52%

 Embryological

24

21%

 Indeterminant/unclear

31

27%

Surgical Modality

 Laparoscopy

65

58%

 Laparotomy

37

32%

 Autopsy

2

2%

 Not specified

9

8%

Imaging Modalities ^a

 Ultrasound

62

55%

 MRI

15

14%

 Hysterosalpingogram

14

13%

 CT

15

14%

 X-Ray

12

11%

 Not specified ^c

33

30%

Genetic Testing

 Yes ^b

23

20%

 No or not specified

90

80%

Pre-operative Imaging Congruent with Surgical findings

 Yes

41

50%

 No

16

20%

 Not Applicable ^c

25

30%

Clinical Presentation of Ovarian Absence (or procedure leading to diagnosis)

 Abdominal/Pelvic pain

34

30%

 Infertility/Subfertility

21

19%

 Evaluation of mass

18

16%

 Amenorrhea

13

12%

 Sterilization

7

6%

 Abnormal uterine bleeding

5

4%

 Congenital abnormality

3

3%

 Autopsy

3

3%

 Malignancy

2

2%

 Ectopic pregnancy

3

2%

 Cesarean section

1

1%

 Foreign body

1

1%

 Urinary tract infection

1

1%

 Endometrial hyperplasia

1

1%

Laterality of Absence

 Left

56

50%

 Right

49

43%

 Bilateral

8

7%

Other Structures Affected ^a

 Absent fallopian tube

56

50%

 Partial fallopian tube

39

35%

 Absent round ligament

14

12%

 Absent broad ligament

9

8%

 Absent infundibulopelvic ligament

5

5%

 Absent utero-ovarian ligament

1

1%

 None

4

4%

 Not specified /unclear

10

9%

Other Structures Affected (laterality, to absent ovary)

 Ipsilateral

91

81%

 Bilateral

6

5%

 Not Stated

16

14%

Uterine Anatomy ^a

 Normal uterus

66

58%

 Hypoplastic/Rudimentary uterus

8

7%

 Uterine Leiomyoma

3

3%

 Abnormal uterine variations

19

17%

    Unicornuate

11

58%

  Absent (non-surgically)

4

21%

  Mature cystic teratoma on anterior uterine wall

1

5%

  Septate

1

5%

  Arcuate

1

5%

  Sagittal sulcus on fundus

1

5%

 Not specified

19

17%

Endometriosis

 Present

7

6%

 Absent or not specified

106

94%

Kidney anatomy

 Normal

58

51%

 Different variations ^a

25

22%

    Renal agenesis

18

72%

  Ectopic kidney

3

12%

  Nephrolithiasis

2

8%

  Cystic kidney

1

4%

  Pyelitis

1

4%

 Not specified

30

27%

Renal Abnormality Laterality

 Ipsilateral (to the ovary)

21

84%

 Contralateral

3

12%

 Bilateral

1

4%

Mass/pathology report

 Mass present

28

25%

  Ovarian tissue

10

36%

  Non-ovarian tissue

10

36%

  Indeterminant (possible ovarian)

7

25%

  Mass not removed

1

4%

 Mass absent

85

75%